Apple Financial Analysis Essay example - 10900 Words

Financial Analysis Project APPLE INC. Rev 1.1 A Financial Analysis Project By Josie Chavez Submitted to Kendra Huff, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Accounting and Finance College of Business Administration Texas Aamp;M University-Kingsville BUSINESS FINANCE 3338 Spring 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES iii LIST OF FIGURES v 1. CORPORATE OVERVIEW 1 1.1 Overview of Industry 1 1.2 Overview of Corporation 2 1.2.1 Product/Service Description 4 1.2.2 Earnings History 7 1.2.3 Stock History 8 1.2.4 Current News 9 2. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 5 2.1 Income Statement 11 2.2 Balance Sheet 12 2.3 Statement of Stockholder’s Equity 14 2.4 Statement of Cash†¦show more content†¦1.1.1 Yahoo Finance (2011) Industry Browser - Technology - Personal Computers - Company List (2011) The figure above shows Apple Inc, the Market cap lead, and Dell, the Market cap last, corporations and their market share compared to the industry and the technology sector. As you can see above Apple Inc. is almost as close to the market cap for the Personal Computers industry. Although, it does have a smaller P/E ratio compared to the industry it still is the highest among the top leaders within the industry. Compared to the industry Apple’s does not have a debt to equity ratio, which is excellent. Apple’s net profit is also the highest within the top competitors and the industry. The price to free cash flow exceeds the industry as well as the technology sector. 1.2 Overview of Corporation Apple, Incorporated, 1 Infinite Loop is located in Cupertino, CA 95014. Their website is www.apple.com.Their Industry category is Computer Hardware/Personal Computers located in the Technology Sector. The Fiscal Year-end of 09/2011 recorded revenue of $65.23B with net income of $14.01B. Their 2010 Sales Growth was 52.0% and now has a total of 49,400 employees. Apple inc. is a corporation that was created in 1977 in California. The company product lineup consists of a large range of personal mobile communication devices, media devices, computing devices, and a variety of services and software. It also consists ofShow MoreRelatedApple Financial Analysis2661 Words   |  11 Pages Midterm Paper: Financial Analysis on Apple EXPECTATIONS amp; EVALUATIONS The objective of this paper is to thoroughly analyze Apple’s financial history and status for the last five years (2003 – 2007). Other important topics will be discussed which include: the company’s background, its assets, bonds, stocks, etc. To support the analysis, different relevant ratios will be calculated for Apple Inc in order to estimate the company’s current status, and also to compare Apple Inc. to the computerRead MoreFinancial Analysis of Apple Inc.795 Words   |  4 PagesFinancial Analysis (Submitted by) Abstract The following paper aims at discussing the financial position of the American multinational corporation, Apple inc., which designs and markets consumer electronics, computers and personal computers mobile communication devices, and portable digital music and video players, as well as sells various related software, services, peripherals, and networking solutions. Apple Inc. together with subsidiaries sells its products worldwide through its onlineRead MoreFinancial Analysis of Apple, Inc.2114 Words   |  9 PagesCompany Background Apple, Inc. (formerly known as Apple Computer, Inc.) was incorporated in the State of California in 1977. Apple currently designs, manufactures, and markets a variety of computer and personal electronic products, including Macintosh computers, and the iPod digital music player. AppleÕs key markets are consumers, creative professionals, educational institutions, and business users. For nearly twenty years, Apple computers have been the industry standard for creative industriesRead MoreApple Financial Analysis 11911 Words   |  8 Pagesfollowing paper is a Financial Analysis of Apple, Inc. The paper is an unorthodox Financial Analysis of Apple, but will cover all the key aspects of a Financial Analysis - albeit in a different way. The first section of the Financial Analysis will have preconceived notions of Apple (what an individual thinks of Apple, without the facts in his hand - in this case the Financial Analyst of this paper), the Financial Analysis - which includes stock performance, various financial ratios, dividend payoutRead MoreApple Dell Financial Analysis4034 Words   |  17 PagesAPPLE amp; DELL Financial Analysis Project INTRODUCTION Dell and Apple are American companies that participate in the industry of Electronic Computers, according to the SIC 3571. This industry is oriented to the manufacture of diverse kind of data processing systems. In 2001, the largest computer makers in the United States were Dell, Compaq, Hewlett-Packard and IBM. They produced about 40 percent of personal computers shipments in the world according to International Data Corporation (IDC)Read MoreMicrosoft And Apple Inc. Financial Analysis Essay1012 Words   |  5 Pages Financial Ratios Name of student Name of institution â€Æ' Microsoft and Apple Inc. Financial Analysis The financial analysis expressed in this paper shows a comparison of two large firms in the communication and technology industry. Microsoft and Apple Inc. both deal in telecommunication gadgets and accessories within the United States and around the world. The paper focuses on the financial comparison of the two companies for two fiscal years of the year 2014 and 2015. A close analysisRead MoreFinancial Analysis And Assessment Of Apple Inc. Essay937 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper intends to provide a financial analysis and assessment of Apple Inc. from the years of 2005 to 2009. The evaluation is based on the numbers calculated from the data on Apple Inc.’s Financial Performance Worksheets. This paper covers three areas. The first part of the paper contains a brief history of Apple and the position of the organization in the market of computers. The second part is a calculation of Apple s performance and the reasons for their success. Finally, a conclusionRead MoreEssa y on Apple Incorporated: Financial Analysis3684 Words   |  15 PagesWRITING ASSIGNMENT: FINANCIAL ANALYSIS FIN 534 – Financial Management Student Name Instructor Name Abstract The focus of this analysis is to perform a thorough examination of Apple, Inc.’s financial performance over the past three years and its growing success since being founded in 1976. Apple’s main focus is on design, manufacturing and marketing of personal computers, peripherals, computer related software, digital music player and related accessories, and is maintained by. The portfolioRead MoreFinancial Analysis Of Apple, Inc. Essay1861 Words   |  8 PagesCompany Background Apple, Inc. (formerly known as Apple Computer, Inc.) was incorporated in the State of California in 1977. Apple currently designs, manufactures, and markets a variety of computer and personal electronic products, including Macintosh computers, and the iPod digital music player. AppleÕs key markets are consumers, creative professionals, educational institutions, and business users. For nearly twenty years, Apple computers have been the industry standard for creative industriesRead MoreAnalysis of Financial Management Processes of Apple3136 Words   |  13 Pagesï » ¿Analysis of Financial Management processes of Apple Inc. Analysis of Financial Management processes of Apple Inc. One of the most important parts of a business is the financial management. Each and every other company always strives to have the best management when it comes to its finances. Most organizations have come up with plans and marketing strategies. This is due to the fact tat when companies finances are poorly managed then definitely the whole company is likely to be in trouble or even

A Research Study On Management Of Risk Management

1. Introduction: Project risk management these days is recognized as one of the important process of project management. Latest studies of project management has suggested that more focus should be on study of projects which are intra-alliance or inter-alliance networks. In the field of research about the risk management of project less attention is paid to the risk management in networked projects. The networked projects itself is a big concept, there are large number of people involved in a single network project to run it smoothly, different project participant from various alliance are grouped together to work as a team for a networked project, due to large numbers of people are involved conflicting objectives can be there which can†¦show more content†¦Under Project Management, the processes are steered through five different stages: commencement, planning, implementation, controlling, and finishing. Project management can be worked with almost any sort of project and is broadly used to control the tangled processes of software development projects. The anatomy of knowledge is responsible with tools used in planning, control, principles, monitoring, techniques, and reviewing of projects. (Rouse 2008) 2.2. Risk and its types: A probability of future uncertainty of outcomes and earnings. Any liability, injury, loss, damage, and other negative incident which is reasoned by external or internal susceptibilities, and which can be prevented by taking pre action Risk are of different kinds like finance risk, insurance risk, security risk, workplace risk, sovereign risk. (Times) 2.2.2. Finance: The odds that a confirmed return on an investment will be lesser than the expected return. Financial risk is further divided into the many categories: Sovereign risk, Economic risk, Payment system risk, Exchange rate risk, Capital risk, Refinancing risk, Delivery risk, Country risk, Default risk, Basic risk, Interest rate risk, Liquidity risk, Operations risk, Political risk, underwriting risk, Settlement risk, and Reinvestment risk. 2.2.3. Food industry: The odds that due to any certain circumstances, the goods

Essay on Jean Piaget vs. Levy Vygotsky - 586 Words

Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky both have very different yet similar views about the child and tenets within their theoretical perspectives. While Piaget sees children as ‘little scientists’, curious little discoverers who learn through the development attained at each of his four stages, Vygotsky views the child as competent and capable and that the child’s development is lead by their learning. Though Vygotsky puts greater emphasis on the sociocultural aspects of learning, both Piaget and Vygotsky consider sociocultural theory in their perspectives. The major tenets of Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory lie largely in his stages of development. Piaget sees children as â€Å"little scientists who are constantly creating and testing their†¦show more content†¦It consists of the ability to think theoretically and argue complex statements (Swift, n.d.). Piaget believed that children should be allowed to ‘explore and experiment’ as they please and through this the child will be provided with the room to expand their current knowledge about their world and the people in it (Ackermann, n.d.). In addition, this helps with the process of assimilation and accommodation, the ability to understand an idea or concept and fit it into an already existing schema such as, realising that cats and dogs are similarly furry and have four legs but are different animals. Piaget’s understanding of children is that they are only able to complete a given task when they are psychologically able which reverts back to his four developmental stages. The ages of these stages refer to times in the child’s life where he has seen children show an extensive increase in their learning and understanding (Atherton, 2011). In Te WhÄ riki (M.o.E, 2006), this is reflected on page 11 as it states that the children within the centre will be p rovided with activities to fit their age and stage of development. To Piaget, children are perceived, not as little adults, but as people with their own expanding view of the world which transform with every connection made between the people and things s/he associates with (Ackermann, n.d.). Ackermann states that Piaget saw knowledge as the experienceShow MoreRelatedLifespan Developmental Psychology: An Overview4022 Words   |  16 Pagesperspectives and theories available to understand this development. The better self-approach would be to understand all of them and apply them in their respective areas of specialization accordingly. Some of the most eminent theories in this regard are Jean Piagets Stage Theory, Lev Vygotskys Social constructivism, Albert Banduras Social learning theory, Erik Eriksons eight stages of psychosocial development and John B. Watsons and B.F. Skinners behaviorism , attachment theory describes kinds of

To What Extent Does the Mise-En-Scene in ‘Night of the...

To what extent does the Mise-en-Scene in ‘Night of the Hunter’ reinforce an understanding of the films mood, character and narrative themes? The term Mise-en-Scene is used to signify the director’s control over what happens in the film frame. In English the phrase literally translates to â€Å"putting in the scene† (Bordwell, 2010a). ‘Night of the Hunter’ (Charles Laughton, 1955) is a prime example of a film that uses aspects of Mise-en-Scene to sway the audience’s opinions of characters and their understanding of narrative themes and to create a certain atmosphere in the film. â€Å"Although the fundamental aspects of Mise-en-Scene in both theatre and cinema are those of lighting, blocking and production design (costume, props and sets),†¦show more content†¦The way the actor fluctuates between being composed and being suddenly aggressive expresses the psychotic nature of his personality. However, even when he is composed the actor still manages to give an unsettling performance. Although a lot of this is communicated through lighting techniques and non-diegetic music, the acto r was required to give a rather edgy performance. This performance in ‘Night of the Hunter’ allows, in the narrative, the more strong-minded characters such as John Harper and Rachel Cooper to see through his disingenuity. We are shown Rachel Cooper and John Harper’s discomfort by their facial expressions, most prominently when Reverend Powell is giving his speeches about love and hate. The costume of Reverend Powell is also instrumental to the narrative in ‘Night of the Hunter’ as the he relies upon his typical preacher outfit to fool the unsuspecting characters, the costume having obvious connotations of good morals. Similarly, makeup is employed in this film but this time to signify a progression in narrative. This is apparent when the kids are on the journey down the river, their eyes made dark with makeup. This indicates to the audience that the children have been travelling for a long time. The setting of the river is also significant in this film. Just like the western road movie genre, when the children escape, it can be seen as â€Å"a

Prescription of Opioid Analgesics †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Prescription of Opioid Analgesics. Answer: Introduction Prescription drug abuse is in the increase and it is now a global health concern. It has been reported that more Australians are dying from prescriptions than illegal heroin (Larney, et al, 2017). Prescribe opioids are drugs that are prescribed by doctors or health physicians in order to treat a health condition. Most of them are prescription medications meant to relieve pain. Use of these drugs have been on tremendous increase over last couple of decades worldwide (Martins, et al, 2015). It was reported that there were 180,000 deaths resulting from prescription opioid overdose between 1999 and 2015, in America. Traditionally, use of powerful pain killers was exclusively on cancer patients but has now become a mainstream for all to use (Blanch, Pearson, Haber, 2014). In Australia the use of opioids have been in the increase as well. The number of Australians using prescribed opioids have quadrupled in the last decade. Research data has shown that prescription opioid use has been on the rise in Australia. According to national Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS), 4.8 % of Australian adults were found to have used pharmaceuticals for non-medical reasons in last 12 months which was an increase from 3.8% in 2004. Analysis of data from ABS figures and National Drug and Alcohol Research Center show that 68% of 668 overdose deaths were related to pharmaceutical prescribed opioids use. This was a robust increase in comparison to the situation in 1990s where opioids deaths mostly emanated from illicit drug use. Death rates among addicts have been on increase since 2007. It was found to be highest in age brackets between 35 and 44 year which represents 40%, followed by age brackets 25-34 and 45-54, both of which represent 27%. Death rate was found to be least in age bracket between 14 -15 which represented 6%. Possible causes for increased use of prescribe opioids Longer cancer survival periods is closely related with increased use of prescribe opioids. Because of the nature of cancer treatment methods, most of chronic pain type of cancer patient always find themselves in constant use of opioids (Jones, Mogali Comer, 2012). This has significantly boosted the increase of use of these drugs. Like any other developing nation, Australia has an aging population which suffer chronic pains resulting from conditions such as arthritis and fibromyalgia (Campbell, et al, 2010). Such Pains makes them to look for quicker and easier ways to deal with such conditions. Strong pains associated with arthritis and related conditions make patients to overdose with the intention to completely reducing pains so that they can go back to work and carry on with their normal lives. Changing expectations of young generation to achieve complete relieve of discomfort resulting from pain have caused them to constantly use opioids. Increased availability of opioid as pain relievers has contributed to increased usage. Mild pains such as headaches and slight muscle pains that were traditionally not taken to require medical attention, are now reasons for people to take opioids. Australians affection for mood-altering substances and opioid analgesia can be pointed out as a reason for the increase (Roxburgh, et al, 2011). Launching of aggressive promotion campaigns for analgesic drugs by producing and sales companies has been a big driving factor towards the increased use of prescribe opioids. Such campaigns are propelled by commercial gain interests. There has been some sort of moral amnesty and loose rules governing use of drugs that can be used as medicine. This has been interpreted to mean that opioid use is unrestricted, contributing to increase in usage. Lack of aw areness among members of the public about the effects of abuse of prescribed drugs has contributed to the vast increase in abuse and addiction. Doctors prescriptions are usually not strictly followed as required. Patients will take a few days within prescription only to shovel up to 90 tablets in their mouths some few months later. It has been reported that fear of withdrawal symptoms resulting to more pain has made users reluctant to stop overdosing. Effects of increased use of prescribe opioids. One of the effects of continuous use of prescribe opioids is addiction. Once people make use of painkillers a habit every time a mild pain strikes, the body usually gets used to it and it becomes hard to cope without the drug next time. Furthermore, with time the body will tend to demand continuous increase in dose resulting to addiction (Degenhardt, et al, 2008). Long term effect of using opioids have been related to effects such as breathing problems, confusion, constipation, drowsiness, itching and nausea. According to Dr. Chou, people using opioids will experience these effects more often depending on dosage and frequency of use. A study done in 2003, revealed that 25% of patients using opioids experienced nausea. Sexual functionality of body is affected by increased use of opioids as they appear to lower testosterone which may cause erectile dysfunction in men. Use of opioids have helped illegal drug users to find a runaway path (Compton, Jones, Baldwin, 2016). They tend to supplement their drug needs by use of opioids which they perceive as an option that may get them into less trouble. Consequently drug abuse is on the increase and efforts to prevent it are curtailed. Death is the worst scenario that effect of opioids have caused Australia. It was recorded that 465 oxycodone related deaths happened between 2001 and 2009 in Australia. Conclusion The problem of increased opioid use in Australia is of great interest that need to be addressed. Various reports show that use of these drugs has constantly been in the increase not only in Australia but also in the rest of developed world. Possible causes of the increase are increased number of people relying on opioids to deal with painful medical conditions they are living with. Majority of such users are not fully aware of possible fatal implications long term use of opioids is associated with. It is recommended that use of evidence based guidelines will be of great importance in managing problems associated with opioids. It will also be necessary to adopt real-time monitoring systems that will help doctors and physicians to make more accurate prescription decisions when dealing with opioids. Well laid strategies to reduce usage of opioids need to be put in place and resources to support made available. References Blanch, B., Pearson, S. A., Haber, P. S. (2014). An overview of the patterns of prescription opioid use, costs and related harms in Australia. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 78(5), 1159-1166. Campbell, C. I., Weisner, C., LeResche, L., Ray, G. T., Saunders, K., Sullivan, M. D., ... Von Korff, M. (2010). Age and Gender Trends in Long-Term Opioid Analgesic Use for Noncancer Pain. American Journal of Public Health, 100(12), 2541-2547. Compton, W. M., Jones, C. M., Baldwin, G. T. (2016). Relationship between nonmedical prescription-opioid use and heroin use. N Engl J Med, 2016(374), 154-163. Degenhardt, L., Roxburgh, A., Black, E., Bruno, R., Campbell, G., Kinner, S., Fetherston, J. (2008). The epidemiology of methamphetamine use and harm in Australia. Drug Alcohol Review, 27(3), 243-252. doi:10.1080/09595230801950572 Jones, J. D., Mogali, S., Comer, S. D. (2012). Polydrug abuse: a review of opioid and benzodiazepine combination use. Drug and alcohol dependence, 125(1), 8-18. Larney, S., Hickman, M., Guy, R., Grebely, J., Dore, G. J., Gray, R. T., ... Degenhardt, L. (2017). Estimating the number of people who inject drugs in Australia. BMC Public Health, 171-7. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4785-7 Martins, S. S., Sampson, L., Cerd, M., Galea, S. (2015). Worldwide Prevalence and Trends in Unintentional Drug Overdose: A Systematic Review of the Literature. American Journal of Public Health, 105(11), e29-e49 Roxburgh, A., Bruno, R., Larance, B., Burns, L. (2011). Prescription of opioid analgesics and related harms in Australia. The Medical Journal of Australia, 195(5), 280-284.

Sustainable Engineering Practices in Food Production and Processing

Question: Discuss about theSustainable Engineering Practices in Food Production and Processing. Answer: Engineering sustainability There is an increase in the growing number of human population and this has of no doubt come to the public interest that in the near future, there are various practices including lifestyle which will not be able to be sustainable. This is because there comes at a time when the resources will be too limited to satisfy all the human population. Sustainability in engineering can be defined as the process of coming up with engineering solutions with regards to taking into consideration the environmental impacts. There are various sustainable engineering practices which have been put into place to ensure that biodiversity is protected or the future generation will have to bear a lot of hardships(Alexander K, 2015, p. 775). Some of the sustainable practices may include manufacturing process, use of renewable technologies, extraction of materials or minerals, infrastructure challenges, food production among others. Introduction The case study in question is food production and processing. Generally, food is an integral part of human life and existence. Since time immemorial, the population of human beings was smaller and it was mandatory that human beings must eat in order to survive. However, the resources were unlimited and hence as populations grew there was a need for processing of food. Then there came the period of industrialization whereby the food sector had to be industrialized in order to meet the needs and demand of the ever-growing population .this also promoted to the rise of urban settling as more people would be comfortable living in the urban centers where they would still be able to access food(Benjamin S, 2015, p. 976). Thus, as time goes, there are constant increases in population thereby a need for coming up with sustainable ways of food production and processing became a necessity. This is because there are various factors which influence the need to adopt sustainable ways of producing food which may include climate change and health. According to the 2015 research, the population of the earth was estimated to be approximately 9 billion. This means that if there is an inadequacy in the supply of food, then there will be a serious global challenge of food. Presently, approximately 3 billion persons have been left malnourished due to a shortage of food and deficiency of iron. Surprisingly, more than 40 %of the food produced goes to waste as unused or not fully utilized yet the resources that are present have been over exhausted(Buch, 2016, p. 886). Objectives of the research The main objective of this report is to come up with sustainable ways of producing and processing food. There are numerous challenges that we face in relation to the manner in which food is produced and processed. These factors include environmental concerns such as land use , decrease of biodiversity, aquatic eutrophication by nitrogenous substances caused by over-fertilization, global warming caused by enteric fermentation and use of fossil fuels, aquatic eutrophication by phosphorous substances caused by fertilizers overuse, famine and water shortages , Eco toxicity, and human effects of pesticides(Zeiher, 2016, p. 995). These factors directly pose as threats to sustainability. Over time, they continue to exist and soon it will be very difficult to manage food concerns globally. The below-proposed ways of food production and processing will help in solving the issues to do with food scarcity(Norimoto K, 2016, p. 864). Food must be constantly produced and processed to meet the demand of the ever-growing population. This involves primary stages, secondary stages and the tertiary stages. Below are some of the best practices that will sustainably help in food production and processing(Columbia., 2015, p. 432). Use of enzymes Enzymes are biological catalysts which will help in speeding up the rate of reaction thereby overall helps in saving time, cost and energy. These enzymes are advantageous in terms of their sensitivity, inaction techniques, toxicity and also concentration. At low concentration, these enzymes are very active and since they are biological, they do not produce any toxic substances. Besides, the enzymes are environmentally friendly and will not cause any environmental pollution as compared to other means of production. Their specificity means that they result in products that are more consistent. Examples of enzymes that may be used include lipases, carbohydrates, transferees, oxidoreductases among others(Oliver, 2015, p. 200). Microbial food control Food safety is one of the most significant factors that is also taken into consideration when dealing with food production. This is because when the food is not safe, it may end up resulting in food poisoning. Traditionally, various methods of food preservation had been used including Thermal treatments, I.e. refrigeration, pasteurization, sterilization, chemical preservatives aseptic processing. These methods have been primarily put into practice to minimize the microbial loads and promote food safety and shelf life. Many of these operations require a lot of energy and a proposed techniques which utilize less amount of energy and has reduced environmental impacts is highly recommended for sustainability purposes. These sustainable methods may comprise microwave and radio-frequency heating, high-pressure processing, ionizing radiation, pulsed electric fields, ohmic heating, ultraviolet light treatment, and ionization(Frank, 2017, p. 214). Use of green drying schemes. Universally, Drying has been used by most companies to help in the preservation of many foodstuff. It helps in the processing of bulk food products thus overall reducing the transportation costs as well as enhancing the shelf life. On the contrary, it utilizes a high amount of energy and when it can be replaced by less energy-intensive techniques for example pressing, centrifugation, and separation of the membrane, filtration, coagulation, and sedimentation, before commencing the drying process(Santamouris, 2015, p. 564). Sustainability factors There are various sustainability factors which are related to food production and processing. These factors may include environmental concerns such as Land use in many parts of the world, most of the methods employed in agriculture have adverse effects on the fertility of the land. Most of the practices that are employed degrade the soil off useful minerals and with time the soil is left infertile. Thus, the manner in which land use is affected calls for sustainable methods of food production(Thomas, 2006, p. 761). The decrease of biodiversity- both the plant and animal life have been reduced. over time, many of the plants and animals that may be dibble become extinct thereby prompting the need for sustainably in food production Population growth with the ever-growing population. The demand for food keeps on increasing thereby a need for sustainable ways of food production which are environmental friendly are encouraged(Fred K, 2016, p. 363). Availability of arable lands- there are very many lands that are able to produce good produce when agriculturally utilized. The presence of these lands makes it viable to adopt sustainable ways of producing and processing food. Climate change and food availability- over the past, the climate has been constantly changing and being unfavorable to both human and plant life. The plant life is at risk of redundant growth, hence making the supply of food to be at risks. This, therefore, calls for the adoption of sustainable ways of food production and processing(Wolter J, 2016, p. 329). Aquatic eutrophication this is as a result of nitrogenous substances caused by over-fertilization. The use of chemicals during farming slowly degrades the existence of aquatic life Global warming- this is generally caused by enteric fermentation and use of fossil fuels. The overall aftermath makes the temperatures of the earth to be hot hence making the plant and human life unbearable. When this happens, the supply of food to meet the high demand for food globally is compromised(Goncalves, 2016, p. 543). Famine and water shortages besides other factors, situations of famine influences the need for sustainable food processing and production techniques. Some parts of the universe experience diverse famine conditions thereby prompting the need for sustainable means of food production. Summary The report is generally about the current trends and solutions using sustainable engineering practices.it specifically focuses on food production. There has been a constant increase in the human population and hence the need for coming up with techniques which help in meeting the demands of the high population. The traditional techniques that have been in use in food processing and production are increasing posing a risk to the availability of food in the near future. The paper presents other techniques which are environmentally friendly and are sustainable in that they are easily adopted without too much constrains. For instance the use of Use of enzymes which are biological catalysts and help in speeding up the rate of reaction thereby overall in saving time, cost and energy. These enzymes are advantageous in terms of their sensitivity, inaction techniques, toxicity and also concentration. At low concentration, these enzymes are very active and since they are biological, they do no t produce any toxic substances(Graham, 2015, p. 442). Adoption of the Microbial food control -traditionally, various methods of food preservation had been used including Thermal treatments such as refrigeration, pasteurization, among other practice to minimize the microbial loads and promote food safety and shelf life. These operations require a lot of energy and a proposed techniques which utilize less amount of energy and has reduced environmental impacts is highly recommended for sustainability purposes such as ionizing radiation, ultraviolet light treatment besides the Use of green drying schemes which applies less energy-intensive techniques, for example, pressing, centrifugation, separation of the membrane, filtration, coagulation, and sedimentation, before commencing the drying process also have been recommended to replace the traditional methods(Maldonado, 2016, p. 988). Conclusion Food is an integral part of human existence and its continued production and processing is of great significance .over the decades and years to come, the population of human increase and thus the demand for food keeps increasing. However, sousing the same old traditional means of food production and processing may end up resulting in situations of food shortage. Thus the sustainable practices which h have been outlined above can help in preventing such situation. Thus, sustainable practices are highly recommended for the continued meeting of the ever-growing food demand(Moubray, 2015, p. 732). References Alexander K, W. N. S. S. J. S. S. M. B., 2015. Systems Engineering Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. new york: John Wiley Sons,. Benjamin S, W. J. F., 2015. Sustainable Engineering practices and Analysis. 2nd ed. westminister: Pearson Education, Limited. Buch, M. N., 2016. Insects as sustainable food ingredients. 2nd ed. carlisle: Orient Blackswan. Columbia., B., 2015. Guide to Environmentally Friendly Food production ways. 4th ed. columbia: Islands Trust,. Frank, D. T. C., 2017. Land use literacy for sustainable food production:. 4th ed. chicago: FT Press. Fred K, H. P. B., 2016. Sustainable food production workshop. 3rd ed. carlisle: Elsevier Gulf Professional Pub. Goncalves, J. C. S., 2016. Human and environmental health for sustainability. 4th ed. carlisle: Routledge,. Graham, P., 2015. Building Ecology: First Principles For A Sustainable Environment. 3rd ed. chicago: John Wiley Sons. Maldonado, E., 2016. Environmentally Friendly practices. 5th ed. london: Routledge. Moubray, J., 2015. Food production ethics. 3rd ed. new york: Industrial Press Inc.. Norimoto K, Y. O., 2016. International RILEM Symposium on Environment-Conscious ways of food processing. 3rd ed. melbourne: RILEM Publications. Oliver, D. W., 2015. Asisting sustainabale food production. 1st ed. new york: McGraw-Hill,. Santamouris, M., 2015. Plant nutrition for sustainable food production and environment. 2nd ed. chicago: Earthscan. Thomas, R., 2006. Environmental sustainability. 1st ed. leicester: Taylor Francis. Wolter J, B. S. B., 2016. Life-cycle cost and economic analysis. 2nd ed. chicago: Prentice Hall. Zeiher, L. C., 2016. sustainable food planning. 2nd ed. chicago: Whitney Library of Design.